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Access Control Models - DAC, MAC, RBAC , Rule Based & ABAC

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Identity and Access Management is an extremely vital part of information security. An access control model is a framework which helps to manage the identity and the access management in the organization. There are 5 main types of access control models: discretionary, rule-based, role-based, attribute-based and mandatory access control model. Every model uses different methods to control how subjects access objects. While one may focus on rules, the other focus on roles of the subject. As a security professional, we must know all about these different access control models. While one company may choose to implement one of these models depending on their culture, there is no rule book which says that you cannot implement multiple models in your organization. These models are built into the core or the kernel of the different operating systems and possibly their supporting applications. Every operating system has a security kernel that enforces a reference monitor concept, whi
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Identification, Authentication, Authorization, and Accountability

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The 4 steps to complete access management are identification, authentication, authorization, and accountability. Many confuse or consider that identification and authentication are the same, while some forget or give the least importance to auditing. These are four distinct concepts and must be understood as such. Identification Whenever you log in to most of the websites, you submit a username. In case you create an account, you are asked to choose a username which identifies you. This username which you provide during login is “Identification”. It is simply a way of claiming your identity. From an information security point of view, identification describes a method where you claim whom you are. If you notice, you share your username with anyone. Your email id is a form of identification and you share this identification with everyone to receive emails. This means that identification is a public form of information. Authentication So now you have entered you
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How to Pass SSCP Exam in the First Attempt

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Systems Security Certified Practitioner (SSCP) exam is offered by (ISC)2 . When I prepared for this exam, there was hardly any material for preparation or blog posts to help me understand the experience of this exam. In this blog post, I will try to explain to you how to study for this exam and the experience of this exam.  Before I begin, let me congratulate on your journey to becoming an SSCP. Although this certification may not be highly recognized as the CISSP certification, still it shows your employer and the world that you are really interested to pursue your career in this field. You become a practitioner in this field. What is SSCP? You would like to read CISSP vs SSCP in case you want to have a comparison between the exams. SSCP is a 3-hour long examination having 125 questions. You are required to score a minimum of 700 out of 1000. 25 questions are not graded as they are research oriented questions. It is important to note that since these questions are
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Understanding Security Modes - Dedicated , System high, Compartmented , Multilevel

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Imagine a system that processes information. This information is classified in nature. When we say, its classified, it means that the information has been labeled according to the data classification scheme finalized by the organization. This scheme can be company specific, such as public, internal and confidential or military/government specific such as Confidential, Top Secret, Secret, Public. As a general user or a security professional, you would want that proper controls to be implemented and the system to be secure that processes such information. Imagine a scenario where such a malicious user tries to access this information. What clearance must this person have? Will he/she have access to all classified levels? Hey!!, stop imagining. Let’s discuss something else now. Hold on, I know, I had asked you to imagine the scenario above. But answers to all your questions would follow, so keep on reading further. We need to learn and understand a few terms before we are ready
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Cloud Computing - The Logical Model

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At a high level, both cloud and traditional computing adhere to a logical model that helps identify different layers based on functionality.  The four layers are : Infrastructure: The core components of a computing system: compute, network, and storage.The foundation that everything else is built on. The moving parts. Metastructure: The protocols and mechanisms that provide the interface between the infrastructure layer and the other layers. The glue that ties the technologies and enables management and configuration. Infostructure: The data and information. Content in a database, file storage, etc. Applistructure: The applications deployed in the cloud and the underlying application services used to build them. For example, Platform as a Service features like message queues, artificial intelligence analysis, or notification services. The security at different levels is mapped to the different layers. The application security is managed at the applistructure layer while the data sec
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